For example, for a data set having 20 observations (measurements), linear correlation coefficients greater than ~0.44 are statistically significant at a non-correlation probability (null hypothesis) of 0.05 (confidence limit = 95%) (this example is shown red in the table below and in the figure above) .

 

Number of observations in a data set Probability of correlation desired Minimum linear correlation coefficient (r)
20 Non-correlation probability = 0.1 (90% confidence) ~0.38
20 Non-correlation probability = 0.05 (95% confidence) ~0.44
20 Non-correlation probability = 0.01 (99% confidence) ~0.56
20 Non-correlation probability = 0.001 (99.9% confidence)   ~0.68

 

The figure was photocopied from an old statistics text long ago. I do not know what book the figure comes from so I cannot give the reference. I apologize for this omission.