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Statistical Data
Since you've ventured here, you may be one of the many who turn to Schaffer Library in search of statistical data. We do the proverbial "land-office business" in data, and our print and electronic reference collection has been built, in part, to try to satisfy the demand for numbers.

Data sources seem to be in inexhaustible supply (except when YOU'RE looking for something in particular...). This page is aimed at helping to bridge that gap. Though it is intended to answer many users' data needs, it certainly cannot handle them all, and so we strongly encourage you to work with the librarians at the Reference Desk for further assistance and one-to-one service.

Sources


Databooks

U.S.--General

Datapedia of the United States: American History in Numbers / edited by
George Thomas Kurian. Lanham, MD : Bernan, c2004.
CALL NUMBER: Ref HA202 .K87 2004

Statistical Abstract of the United States. Washington, D.C. : U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, (Library has 1928- )
CALL NUMBER: Ref HA202 .S680 -- Latest year at Reference Desk
INTERNET VERSION

World Almanac and Book of Facts. New York, Newspaper Enterprise Association [etc.], (Library has 1887- )
CALL NUMBER: Ref AY67.N5 .W7--Latest year at Reference Desk

U.S.--Business/Economics

Almanac of Business and Financial Ratios. Leo Troy, ed. Paramus, NJ. : Prentice Hall ; c2002.
CALL NUMBER: Ref HF 5681 .R25 A45
CD-ROM VERSION: at Reference Desk

Business Statistics of the United States. Lanham, MD : Bernan Press, (Library has 1996- )
( The U.S. Department of Commerce edition predates the above, and volumes dated 1947-1991 are shelved with the Bernan Press volumes.)
CALL NUMBER: Ref HC101 .A13122

CPI Detailed Report. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Dept. of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Office of Prices and Living Conditions : Supt. of Docs., U.S. G.P.O., (Library has 1979- )
PAPER VERSION: Schaffer Library periodicals collection
INTERNET VERSION

Economic Indicators / prepared for the Joint Committee on the Economic Report
by the Council of Economic Advisers. Washington : U.S. G.P.O., (Library has 1959- )
PAPER VERSION: Schaffer Library periodicals collection
INTERNET VERSION

Economic Indicators Handbook : Time Series, Conversions, Documentation. Detroit : Gale Research, 2000.
CALL NUMBER: Ref HC101 .E385 2000

Economic Report of the President transmitted to the Congress. Washington : U.S. Govt. Print. Off., Library has 1947- )
CURRENT VOLUME CALL NUMBER: Govt Docs PR 43.9: 2002 (shelved at Ref. Desk)
PREVIOUS VOLUME CALL NUMBERS: Govt Docs PR [number of presidency]:[year]

Handbook of U.S. Labor Statistics : Employment, Earnings, Prices, Productivity, and Other Labor Data. Lanham, Md., USA : Bernan Press, (Library has 1997- )
( The U.S. Department of Labor edition predates the above, and volumes dated 1941-1989 are shelved consecutively with these at:)
CALL NUMBER: Ref HD8051 .A630

Hoover's Handbook of American Business (also ... of Emerging Companies, and ... of Private Companies). Austin, Tex. : Reference Press, Inc., (Library has current year for each.)
CALL NUMBER: Ref HG4057 .A2862

Industry Norms and Key Business Ratios. New York : Dun & Bradstreet, (Library has 1987-)
CALL NUMBER: Ref HF5681 .R25 I5250 -- Latest issue at Reference Desk

Standard & Poor's Industry Surveys. New York, Standard & Poor's Corp., (Library has 1977- )
CALL NUMBER: Oversize: q HC106.6 .S74 -- Latest issue at Reference Desk

Stocks, Bonds, Bills and Inflation Yearbook. Chicago, Ill. : R.G. Ibbotson Associates, (Library has 1989- )
CALL NUMBER: q HG4915 .S60 -- Latest issue at Reference Desk

Survey of Current Business. Washington, D.C., United States Department of Commerce, Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce, (Library has 1959- )
PAPER VERSION: Schaffer Library periodicals collection
INTERNET VERSION

U.S. Trade and Industry Outlook. Washington, D.C. and New York, United States Department of Commerce, and McGraw-Hill. (Library keeps latest issue)
CALL NUMBER: shelved at Reference Desk

U.S.-- Historical

Business Statistics of the United States. Lanham, MD : Bernan Press, (Library has 1996- )
( The U.S. Department of Commerce edition predates the above, and volumes dated 1947-1991 are shelved consecutively with these at:)
CALL NUMBER: Ref HC101 .A13122

Note: Historical series in many volumes offer business data back to 1930s in some cases.

Datapedia of the United States: American History in Numbers / edited by
George Thomas Kurian. Lanham, MD : Bernan, c2004.
CALL NUMBER: Ref HA202 .K87 2004

Historical Statistics of the United States : Earliest times to the Present / editors in chief, Susan B. Carter, et al. New York : Cambridge University Press, c2006.
CALL NUMBER: Ref HA202 .H57 2006

Note: This new edition has six volumes and much discussion as well as data. Its predecessor remains useful, the edition published in 1989 by the U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Bureau of the Census.
CALL NUMBER: Ref HA202 .H57 1989 v.1-2

How Much Is That in Real Money? : a Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of
Money Values in the Economy of the United States
/ John J. McCusker. Worcester, MA : American Antiquarian Society, 1992.
CALL NUMBER: Ref HB235.U6 M350 1992

International Historical Statistics : the Americas, 1750-2000 / B.R. Mitchell. New York : Palgrave Macmillan, 2003.
CALL NUMBER: Ref HA175 .M55

Statistical Abstract of the United States. Washington, D.C. : U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, (Library has 1928- )
CALL NUMBER: Ref HA202 .S680 -- Latest year at Reference Desk
INTERNET VERSION

The Value of a Dollar : Prices and Incomes in the United States, 1860-1999 / edited by Scott Derks. Millerton, NY : Grey House Pub., 1999.
CALL NUMBER: Ref HB235.U6 V35 1999

Note: For overall value of the U.S. dollar, the table in How Much Is That In Real Money listed above is the one to use, being more authoritative and accurate.

World Almanac and Book of Facts. New York, Newspaper Enterprise Association [etc.], (Library has 1887- )
CALL NUMBER: Ref AY67.N5 .W7--Latest year at Reference Desk

U.S.-- State and Local


Almanac of the 50 States. Burlington, VT : Information Publications, (Library has 1998- )
CALL NUMBER: Ref HA214 .A44

Book of the States. Lexington, Ky.:Council of State Governments, (Library has 1935- )
CALL NUMBER: Ref JK2403 .B62

CQ's State Fact Finder. Washington, D.C. : Congressional Quarterly Inc., (Library has 1993- )
CALL NUMBER: Ref HN60 .C68

City Crime Rankings : Crime in Metropolitan America / Kathleen O'Leary Morgan and Scott Morgan, editors. Lawrence, KS : Morgan Quitno Press, 2001.
CALL NUMBER: Ref HV6787 .C57 2001

County and City Data Book. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, (Library has 1949- ) (Bernan Press's County and City Extra supplements the above and is shelved together with the County and City Data Book.)
CALL NUMBER: Ref HA202 .A36

County and City Extra: Annual Metro, City, and County Data Book. Lanham, MD : Bernan Press, c1992- (Library acquires selected years of this Extra to supplement the County and City Data Book above.)
CALL NUMBER: Ref HA202 .A365

Crime in America's Top-Rated Cities; a Statistical Profile, 1979-1998 . Lakeville, Ct.: Grey House Publishing, (Library has 2000 and earlier volumes.)
CALL NUMBER: Ref HV 6787 .C745

New York State Statistical Yearbook. Albany : New York (State), Division of the Budget, Office of Statistical Coordination, (Library has 1967- )
CALL NUMBER: Ref HA544 .A2

State and Metropolitan Area Data Book. Washington, D.C. : U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, (Library has 1979- )
CALL NUMBER: Ref HA202 .S84

World Almanac and Book of Facts.New York, Newspaper Enterprise Association [etc.], (Library has 1887- )
CALL NUMBER: Ref AY67.N5 .W7--Latest year at Reference Desk

International

Balance of Payments Yearbook. Washington, D.C.: International Monetary Fund.
(Library has 1962- )
CALL NUMBER: q HF1014 .I5

Country Forecasts. Syracuse, N.Y. : Political Risk Services, Frost & Sullivan, Inc., (Library has current year only)
CALL NUMBER: Ref HC10 .C66

Demographic Yearbook. New York: Dept. of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office, United Nations. (Library has 1948- )
CALL NUMBER: Ref HA17 .D45

Demographic Yearbook of Russia. Moscow : Goskomstat, (Library has 1995- )
CALL NUMBER: Ref HB3607 .R87a

Directions of Trade Statistics. Yearbook. Washington, D.C. : International Monetary Fund, (Library has 1962- )
YEARBOOK SHELVED AT CALL NUMBER: q HF91 .I65
MONTHLY ISSUES SHELVED AS PERIODICAL

Europa World Year Book. London, England : Europa Publications Limited, (Library has 1962- )
CALL NUMBER: Ref JN1 .E85

European Marketing Data and Statistics. London : Euromonitor Publications Ltd. (Library has 2000 and later volumes.)
CALL NUMBER: Ref HA1107 .E87

Handbook of North American Industry / edited by John E. Cremeans. Washington, DC : Bernan Press, 1999.
CALL NUMBER: Ref HF1746 .H370 1999

Hoover's Handbook of World Business. Austin, TX : Reference Press, (Library has current year only)
CALL NUMBER: Ref HG4057 .A2863

International Financial Statistics. Washington, D.C.: International Monetary Fund. (Library has 1963- )
PAPER VERSION: 1963-2002 IN PERIODICALS, BASEMENT
Continued by INTERNET VERSION

International Historical Statistics : Africa, Asia & Oceania, 1750-2000 / B.R. Mitchell. New York : Palgrave Macmillan, 2003.
CALL NUMBER: Ref HA4675 .M552

International Historical Statistics : Europe, 1750-2000 / B.R. Mitchell. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire ; New York : Palgrave Macmillan, 2003.
CALL NUMBER: Ref HA1107 .M5

International Historical Statistics : the Americas, 1750-2000 / B.R. Mitchell. New York : Palgrave Macmillan, 2003.
CALL NUMBER: Ref HA175 .M55

International Marketing Data and Statistics. London: Euromonitor Publications Ltd. (Library has 2001 and later volumes.)
CALL NUMBER: Ref HA42 .I56

International Trade Statistics Yearbook. New York: Dept. of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office, United Nations, (Library has 1968- )
CALL NUMBER: Ref JX1977 .A2

Statistical Yearbook. New York: United Nations. Statistical Office, (Library has 1949- )
CALL NUMBER: Ref HA12.5 .U63 -- Latest year at Reference Desk

See also, the separate statistical yearbooks of ...
Britain (Ref HA1122 .A330), 1970-
China (Ref DS779.15 .C48), 1978-
France (Ref HA1213 .A4), 1969-
Germany (Ref HA1232 .A45), 1971-
Israel (Ref HA1931 .A35 ), 1972-
Latin America (Ref HA935 .S790 ), 1961-
Russia and Eastern Europe (and the former Soviet Union), (Ref HA1446 .U17), 1977-

World Almanac and Book of Facts. New York, Newspaper Enterprise Association [etc.], (Library has 1887- )
CALL NUMBER: Ref AY67.N5 .W7--Latest year at Reference Desk

World Development Indicators. Washington, D.C. : The World Bank, (The Library has 1998- )
CALL NUMBER: Ref HC59.15 .W656
INTERNET VERSION

World Development Report. New York: Oxford University Press, for the World Bank, (The Library has 1979-1997)
CALL NUMBER: q HC59.7 .W659
INTERNET VERSION

Others by Topic

America Votes. Washington, D.C.:Elections Research Center, Congressional Quarterly,
(Library has 1956- )
CALL NUMBER: Ref JK1967 .A8

American Cost of Living Survey. Detroit : Gale Research, (Library has 1994 and later volumes.)
CALL NUMBER: Ref HB235.U6 A530

American Marketplace : Demographics and Spending Patterns. Ithaca, N.Y. : New Strategist Publications, (Library has 1992 and later volumes.)
CALL NUMBER: Ref HA214 .A60

American Men and Women: Demographics of the Sexes. Ithaca, N.Y. : New Strategist Publications, 2000.
CALL NUMBER: Ref HB 1755 .A3 A44

American Salaries and Wages Survey, by Arsen J. Darnay. Detroit: Gale Group, (Library has 1991 and later volumes.)
CALL NUMBER: Ref HD 4973 .A67

Black Americans : a Statistical Sourcebook / Louise L. Hornor, editor. Palo Alto, CA : Information Publications, (Library has 1996 and later volumes.)
CALL NUMBER: Ref E185.86 .B5238

Crime in America's Top-Rated Cities; a Statistical Profile . Lakeville, Ct., Grey House Publishing, (Library has 1995 and later volumes.)
CALL NUMBER: Ref HV 6787 .C745

Crime in the United States: Uniform Crime Reports for the United States. Washington, D.C. : U.S. Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation, (Library has 1961- )
CALL NUMBER: HV6787 .A3 (Latest volume at Reference Desk)
INTERNET VERSION

European Marketing Data and Statistics. London : Euromonitor Publications Ltd. (Library has 2000 and later volumes.)
CALL NUMBER: Ref HA1107 .E87

Gallup Poll. Wilmington, Del. : Scholarly Resources, (Library has 1935- )
(Library also has Gallup Poll Monthly, 1965-2002, shelved with the annual and cumulative volumes in Reference.)
CALL NUMBER: Ref HM261.A1 G340

Gallup Poll Tuesday Briefing. Washington, D.C. : The Gallup Organization, c2002-
PAPER VERSION: SHELVED AS PERIODICAL

Hispanic Americans: a Statistical Sourcebook / Louise L. Hornor, editor. Palo Alto, CA : Information Publications, (Library has 1998 and later volumes.)
CALL NUMBER: Ref E 184 .S75 H5655

International Marketing Data and Statistics. London, Euromonitor Publications Ltd. (Library has 2001 and later volumes.)
CALL NUMBER: Ref HA42 .I56

Sourcebook of Criminal Justice Statistics. Washington, D.C. : U.S. Dept. of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, (Library has 1974- ).
CALL NUMBER: Ref HV 7245 .N37b

Statistical Handbook on Racial Groups in the United States / by Tim B. Heaton, Bruce A. Chadwick, and Cardell K. Jacobson. Phoenix, AZ : Oryx Press, 2000.
CALL NUMBER: Ref E184.A1 H417

Weather Almanac : a Reference Guide to Weather, Climate, and Related Issues in the United States and Its Key Cities / Richard A. Wood, editor. Detroit : Gale Group, c2001.
CALL NUMBER: Ref QC983 .R830

Databases

Mergent Online

At the above link is a list on which you will see Mergent, the electronic database comprising the information traditionally to be found in the paper-format "Moody's Manuals." The user can retrieve data on a single firm or on several comparatively. Typically the Web-site provides 10 years' worth of data, and there is a longer backfile on the Library's cd-rom server. Click on the latter link and choose Moody's FISonline Backfile.

For even older data, Moody's Industrial (and other )Manuals are shelved at or nearby qHG 4961 .M67

IMPORTANT: Go to the Mergent Online link above for the current, electronic version of Moody's.

Lexis-Nexis Business/Company Information

Here is one of the "gold mines" of data about the firm. Note that the link above takes you to the Library's databases page, and on the left is the Lexis-Nexis link. At the Lexis-Nexis site you will find a number of choices with firm-specific information. Enter any one and you then see a pull-down called "Source" that allows you to pick from lists of such corporate-information databanks as:

SEC 10-K, 10-Q, 8-K, 20-F reports, as well as annual reports and filings
NAARS annual reports
International company, U.S. public and private company reports
Bankruptcy reports
Standard and Poor corporate descriptions
Disclosure reports
Hoover's company reports
Stock reports

The Statistical index Portion of Lexis-Nexis

(Please note: The link above takes you to the Library's databases page, and on the left is the Lexis-Nexis link. At the Lexis-Nexis site, choose the link "Statistical.")

The Statistical index portion of Lexis-Nexis is a significant online source of statistical data in the Reference Collection. It cites data and in some cases provides full-text; for the rest, it is backed up by microfiche, as follows:

The microfiche collections filed as ASI, IIS, and SRI are on the main floor. Equipment to read and copy microfiche is provided nearby, and assistance with both the microfiche and the equipment is available at the Reference Desk. Besides access through the Statistical index portion of Lexis-Nexis, print indexes to the ASI, etc., microfiche are also found in the Reference Collection, as follows:

  • American Statistics Index (Ref Bibliog Z 7554 .U5 A46)
  • Index to International Statistics (Ref Bibliog Z 7552 I53), and
  • Statistical Reference Index (Ref Bibliog Z 7554 .U5 S79)


U.S. Gov't (selected)

Bureau of Economic Analysis (http://www.bea.doc.gov/)--includes regional, national, and international data, as well as an overview of the U.S. economy.

Bureau of Labor Statistics (U.S.)--www.bls.gov--includes a great variety of time series viewable on screen, especially (un)employment and prices, some local.

Bureau of the Census (U.S.)--www.census.gov--data on the site is extensive and open to the creative imagination to apply--population data from the latest census is found through the "American FactFinder" link. Housing data and other special topics are accessible through the Web-site as well.

County Business Patterns (U.S.)--www.census.gov/epcd/cbp/view/cbpview.html--under the auspices of the Bureau of the Census, this data site contributes substantially to uncovering local-level microeconomic patterns.

Department of Commerce (U.S.)--www.doc.gov--the umbrella organization serving as entree both to some of the above agencies as well as others with data on their sites.

Economic Indicators (http://www.gpoaccess.gov/indicators/browse.html)

Economic Statistics Briefing Room (http://www.whitehouse.gov/fsbr/esbr.html)--a service of the Executive Branch

Fedstats (http://www.fedstats.gov) -- leads to data published by more than 100 separate federal agencies.

Federal Reserve Board (http://www.federalreserve.gov)
links to "the Fed"'s site, with full text research and discussion papers; minutes, testimony, and speeches of "Fed" officials; statistics

FERRET--www.ferret.bls.census.gov--represents the Federal Electronic Research, Review, and Extraction Tool, whereby the user can extract and compile datasets of one's own design out of data residing with the Census Bureau and the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

General Accounting Office (http://www.gao.gov)--offers the current (even daily) investigative reports of this "arm" of the Congress, in full text and in abstracts.

Regional Economic Information System (http://www.bea.doc.gov/bea/regional/reis/)--searchable for wage and salary information by metropolitan statistical area, BEA economic area, or state, as well as personal income and journey-to-work statistics.

Stat-USA/Internet (http://www.stat-usa.gov/)--Web version of the National Trade Databank, the Economic Bulletin Board, and several other government datafiles. Although use is free, a password is required for entering some files. Come to the Reference Desk for assistance.

Also, theFederal Web Locator (http://www.infoctr.edu/fwl/)--can lead you to any U.S. government agency's Web-site, many of which have clearly labeled links to data they collect and publish, often online and free to access.

There are many non-public data sites, often drawing their data from public sources but offering "value-added" reformatting for better use with spreadsheets as well as analysis. Down to some levels of their services there may be no charge for access. One to try is:

Dismal Scientist--www.dismal.com--a commercial site with advertising paying the costs, so in part its data is free. One could look at Regional Data for states and "metros"; also U.S. macroeconomic forecasting material.

Further leads can be found on the Statistics page of the well-regarded and reliable Librarians' Index to the Internet.

Secondary Sources

Although not directly intended as sources of numbers, the following three subscription databases each contain thousands of journals and their articles, many of which are in full-text format. Searching them by subject may prove fruitful in the quest for numbers:

(Please note: the links below take you to the Library's Databases and Indexes page, where the following can be found on the left under "Any Topic".)

EBSCOhost

JSTOR

Databases)

ProQuest Direct

Standard Statistical Distribution Tables

100 Statistical Tests / Gopal K. Kanji. London ; Newbury Park, Calif. : Sage Publications, 1993.
CALL NUMBER: Ref QA277 .K160

CRC Handbook of Tables for Probability and Statistics. Editor: William H. Beyer. Cleveland, Chemical Rubber Co., 1966.
CALL NUMBER: Ref QA276 .B44

Chi-Squared Distribution / H. O. Lancaster. New York, Wiley, 1969.
CALL NUMBER: Ref QA273 .L265

Handbook of Probability and Statistics with Tables, by Richard Stevens Burington
and Donald Curtis May, Jr. Sandusky, Ohio, Handbook Publishers, 1958.
CALL NUMBER: Ref QA273 .B92

Handbook of Statistical Tables. / D. B. Owen. Reading, Mass., Addison-Wesley Pub. Co., 1962.
CALL NUMBER: Ref HA48 .O9

New Cambridge Statistical Tables / D.V. Lindley & W.F. Scott. Cambridge ; New York : Cambridge University Press, 1995.
CALL NUMBER: Ref QA276.25 .L56

Statistical Tables for the Social, Biological and Physical Sciences / compiled by F.C.
Powell. Cambridge ; New York : Cambridge University Press, 1982.
CALL NUMBER: Ref HA29 .S820

A few statistical tables on the Web:

Math.com - Statistical Distributions (http://www.math.com/tables/stat/distributions.htm)

Statistical Distributions (http://www.math2.org/math/stat/distributions.htm)

Statistical Methods

A very good book:

If help with statistical methodology is what you really need--regression, correlation, significance, that sort of thing--these are well explained in a statistics text like
Sirkin, R. Mark. Statistics for the Social Sciences. Thousand Oaks, Calif. : Sage
Publications, c1999. HA29 .S5763 1999.

Should "Sirkin" be charged out, other good, introductory statistics textbooks can be found by checking the books on the shelf nearby that same call number (above).

And of course some Web-sites:

Multivariate Statistics: A Practical Guide (http://www.pfc.forestry.ca/profiles/wulder/mvstats/)

Quantitative Data Analysis: An Introduction (http://www.gao.gov/special.pubs/pe10111.pdf)

Rice Virtual Lab in Statistics (http://onlinestatbook.com/rvls.html)

Statistics Every Writer Should Know (http://www.robertniles.com/stats/)

Suggestions (especially for those at the "intro to stats" level)

(1) Suppose you're having trouble finding the data that you're looking for. Do you absolutely positively have to find the independent variable(s) you thought up?

Let's say you do have some flexibility. Here's a suggestion:
You could try to find data that would "proxy" for what you can't find. For example, say you're hunting for the average age of licensed drivers in each of the 50 U.S. states, in researching a correlation between driver age and car accidents. But finding the average age of drivers in each state is proving difficult. Therefore, it might be best to look for a related statistic--for instance the widely available percentage of the population aged 18-24 in each state. That could proxy for average driver age.

(2) Here's another coping strategy: aggregate (or disaggregate) the data you seek. Suppose you want monthly but you only find quarterly data (or vice versa). Consider interpolating or consolidating the data...or even using what you can find.

(3) However, it is important to pursue the number of cases or observations that you are assigned to collect, even if that means altering the independent variables as in (1) or (2) above--because in statistical analysis the number of cases (observations) matters! It affects the validity of the outcome.

At Union, good statistical support can also be found beyond the Library, of course! There's the Stat Lab in the basement of Social Sciences, where you can learn to use Excel, SPSS, and E-Views, among others. And there are some good statistics leads on the homepages of several faculty in the Social Sciences: Professors Cotter or Klein. >The Economics Department provides links to data sources on its departmental Web-site.

There is the International Encyclopedia of Statistics shelved at Ref HA 17 .I63 in the Library's Reference Collection, and whether you're truly stuck or your wheels are just spinning a little, please remember:

The Reference Desk welcomes your question(s)!!